The piece of West Manggarai folk song above was documented by an SVD priest named Piet Heerkens in his book entitled Flores Manggarai, published in 1930.
The whole poem of the song tells about Rado Sawi Ndao which is swallowed by 'MPo' or crocodile and enters the crocodile's stomach. Using his knife, Rado Sawi Ndao tickled the stomach of a large crocodile that swam in the sea to several areas such as Mborong, Reok, and Labuan Bajo until finally Rado Sawi Ndao came out of the crocodile's stomach.
A piece of the poem records the use of the word 'Labuan Bajo' in 1930. Tracing the history of the use of the word 'Labuan Bajo' will not be separated from the history of the city of Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai Regency as well as Flores - an island called Cabo de Flores. The name Flores is derived from the Portuguese language Cabo de Flores which means "Cape of Flowers".
The name was originally given by S.M. Cabot to refer to the eastern region of Flores Island. Finally used officially since 1636 by the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies Hendrik Brouwer. An in-depth study by Orinbao in 1969 revealed that the real name of the island of Flores was Nusa Nipa (snake island), which from an anthropological perspective, this term is more useful because it contains various philosophical, cultural, and ritual traditions of the Flores people. History records Flores-Sumba-Timor as the best producer of sandalwood in the world, especially in the 3rd century to the 18th century.
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So far, the name Labuan Bajo is recorded in Jacques Nicolas Vosmaer's report in the Jaarboeken Maandschrift tot Verspreiding van Kennis der Nederlandsche en Buitenlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen report in 1862 which states that in an article in 1833 a sea journey to 'Laboean Badjo' was reported. No Dutch records have been found that are older than the work which include the words 'Laboean Badjo' or Labuan Bajo.
Labuan Bajo has the meaning 'place of anchoring of the Bajo tribe' according to a number of residents and community leaders in Labuan Bajo. Haji Sahamad is one of them.
"The landing place of the Bajo people in the Manggarai area," said the figure of Bajo descent who was led by the Bajo Bugis Bima tribe in Kampung Cempa (Kampung Ujung), Kampung Tengah and Kampung Air, Labuan Bajo.
"What I remember was there was a Bajo courtier or aristocrat here, because that was my grandfather and ancestor," Sahamad explained.
He once published a four-language dictionary: Bajo, Bugis, Bima, and English as a result of his collaboration with one of the Catholic priests from the Netherlands several years ago.
The mention of Labuan Bajo is intensified recorded in Dutch records in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, especially since the Catholic missionaries began to work in Flores. However, there is a mention of 'Laboean Badjak' on a map of Flores dated to 1874 made by J.G. Veth and published in Amsterdam. Why?
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We can attribute this to the long history of the existence of the Gowa Tallo Kingdom in South Sulawesi and the Bajo Tribe. The kingdom of Gowa was established in 1300, since the beginning the kingdom expanded its influence by using naval fleets. Gowa Kingdom relations include Sulawesi, eastern Kalimantan, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, Maluku, Papua and northern Australia.
The relationship was intensified when King Tunibatta (Gowa) sent envoys to establish relations with Sumbawa, Sumba, Timor, Flores, Maluku in 1565. In 1626, the Kingdom of Gowa controlled the island of Flores, specifically West Flores, Solor, and Alor. This happened in conjunction with the Portuguese and VOC's efforts to expand the territory in the archipelago.
Since then, the influence of culture and human movement from Sulawesi to Flores, especially West Flores, has intensified. In addition to Gowa Tallo, the Makassar Kingdom under the leadership of Sultan Hasanuddin, Makassar succeeded in controlling almost the entire territory of South Sulawesi and expanding its territory to Nusa Tenggara (Sumbawa and parts of Flores).
In 1661, Manggarai surrendered to the Kingdom of Bima. After six years, Gowa's rule in Mangagrai ended because Gowa lost the war against the Dutch (VOC) and had to sign a Bongaya agreement and the Makassar people were prohibited from sending boats to Bima, Solor, and Timor. Nearly a century ago, in 1795 the famous Bajo pirates from Halmahera operated around the Flores Sea to the West Manggarai region - Flores.
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